Over the past fifteen years, the growing conditions were characterized by an exceptionally hot and dry climate in much of the United States. Turfgrass managers were aware of the environmental impacts of stress (ES). ES has been around for a long time and will remain a challenge for the future. There are no magic solutions. Turfgrass managers can not change the weather or rain. However, they can assess the cultural system is used on grass and plant management to increase theirES ability to resist.
What is stress?
To determine if stress is a problem, it is important to understand the definition of stress, and we know that the optimal conditions for plant growth. The ideal temperature for growing Kentucky bluegrass is 50-65 degrees and 60-76 degrees for the roots to the recordings. This herb also requires good soil, moisture and sunlight for growth should be maintained.
How does a plant to maintaincool?
The actual temperature of the system can experience significantly cooler or warmer than the temperature of the air current. Where moisture is limiting the temperature of the plant will usually be higher than the air temperature, because the plant is able to breathe water (in humans, we call this sweating). Transpiration is a process that uses heat from the central to evaporate water, lowering the temperature of the system. Moisture is needed for plant growthtranspiration. When moisture is limiting, the plant suffers from heat stress and drought. The damage is usually seen days later. Prevention is the best remedy.
Human activities also influence the plant is able to withstand environmental pressure. The traffic on the turf causes the soil to compact the soil particles are compressed in the pore space once used for water retention means. This results in less pore space for root growth, less air and water and a soil that ismore exposed to extreme temperatures. The air in the pores of the soil helps to insulate the soil against rapid changes in temperature. The best way to combat the compact process is aeration cores. Core aeration opens up the soil for water infiltration and air exchange, and provides space for the roots.
fertilization programs affect the ability of plants to withstand stress. Nitrogen during periods of stress can lead to excessive shoot growth that is detrimental to themain system. University research indicates, however, that a high level of potassium (K +) fertilizer will help a plant tolerant to drought, if any. applications of pesticides can sometimes affect the stress tolerance of plants. improper use or a high percentage of inappropriate chemicals or pesticides can cause turf injury. The number of semi-magical appears to herbicides in air temperatures above 85 degrees.
Finally, the presence of insects and diseasesthe plant's ability to resist environmental stress. Turfgrass stands are subject to many environmental conditions and receives input management. The interaction of environmental and cultural program determines the overall health of peat and its ability to withstand environmental pressure. successful turfgrass managers strive to understand these interactions and their management practices to adapt to produce the best possible result.
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